Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of SOP. (A) The structure of SOP. (B) LA-SN38 and SOP could form clear and transparent solutions in water, but free SN-38 and OSI-027 would precipitate. (C) TEM image of SOP. Scale bar: 100 nm. (D) Solubility, (E) particle-size distribution, (F) particle-size changes at different time points and (G) zeta potentials of SOP in DI water, PBS buffer and cell culture medium containing 10% FBS. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: Solubility, Cell Culture

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: SOP suppresses PDAC cell growth and proliferation in vitro . (A) CFPAC-1 and PANC-1-cell viability after treatment with SOP (SN-38: OSI-027 = 2:1). (B) CFPAC-1 and PANC-1-cell proliferation with EdU labeling images and (C) quantifications of EdU-positive cells in percentages. Scale bar: 50 μm. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Labeling

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo antitumor effect of SOP. (A) Tumor images of the control, OSI-027, SN-38 nano, SN+OSI and SOP groups. (B) Tumor volume curves, (C) tumor regression rates and (D) body weight change curves of mice in PDAC tumor xenografts. (E–I) Individual tumor volume curves of the control, OSI-027, SN-38 nano, SN+OSI and SOP groups Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 5). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Control

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Potential mechanism of SOP’s effects in vivo on PDAC tumor models. (A) Ki -67-stained cellular proliferation, TUNEL-stained pathological changes, and CD31 antibody-stained microvasculature in tumor tissues and (B) quantifications of microvascular density in percentages. (C) The concentrations of SN-38 and OSI-027 in the tumor site via HPLC. (D) Expression of ABCG2 and MDR1 in tumors after treatment and (E) quantification of gray values in percentages. (F) Expression of CD163, CD206 and CD16/32 in PBMCs via FACS and (G) quantification of percentages. (H) Fluorescence staining image of macrophage infiltration patterns and subtype distribution within the tumor microenvironment, and (I) quantitative evaluation of the M2 macrophage population proportion. Scale bar: 200 μm. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Expressing, Fluorescence

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of OSI-027 on THP-1 cells in vitro . (A) A schematic of the experiment with THP-1 cells treated with OSI-027. (B) Cytokine expression of THP-1 cells with or without OSI-027 treatment. (C) Expressions of CD163, CD206 and CD16/32 in THP-1 cells after treatment with OSI-027 via FACS and (D) Quantifications in percentages. (E) A schematic of the THP-1 and PDAC cell coculture system. (F) Cytokine expression in the THP-1 and PDAC cell coculture system after treatment. (G) Expression of CD163, CD206 and CD16/32 in the THP-1 and PDAC cell coculture system and (H) quantification of the percentages. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Expressing

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism of tumor growth inhibition by OSI-027. (A) Apoptosis of PDAC cells by the OSI-027-treated THP-1-cell system and (B) quantification of the positive rate of apoptosis as a percentage. (C) Phagocytosis of PDAC cells by the OSI-027-treated THP-1-cell system and (D) quantification of the positive rate of phagocytosis as a percentage. (E) A schematic of the HUVEC culture supernatant of the OSI-027-treated coculture system. (F) Microvascular density of the PDAC cell and THP-1-cell coculture system after OSI-027 treatment and (G) quantification of the area ratio of the microvascular density percentages. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: ACS Nano

Article Title: Carrier-Free Nanoassembly Suppresses Phase Separation via Ribosome-Inspired Crowding Control for Enhanced Chemo-Immunotherapy

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism of LLPS inhibition by OSI-027. (A) TEM images of THP-1 cells treated with OSI-027 and SOP and (B) its quantitative statistics of ribosomes. Scale bar: 1 μm. (C) Violin diagram of differential distribution of macrophage M2. (D) Results of gene clustering and module division fusion. (E) Module association analysis with phenotypic traits. Red indicates positive correlation, blue indicates negative correlation, and darker colors indicate stronger correlations. (F) Correlation between module membership ( x -axis) and gene significance ( y -axis). (G) Volcano map of DEGs. Blue represents downregulated genes and red represents upregulated genes. (H) Intersection Venn diagram of macrophage M2-related genes, DEGs, LLPS and mTORC1 and (I) resulted gene expression box plot. (J) mTORC1 signal distribution violin diagram. (K) Intersection Venn diagram of macrophage M2-related genes, DEGs and LLPS and (L) resulted gene expression box plot. (M) Tumor tissue fluorescence staining images of ACTR3, ACSL3 and CD9, and (N) its positive rate analysis. Scale bar: 200 μm. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The mTOR inhibitor (OSI-027) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kits were purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA).

Techniques: Inhibition, Gene Expression, Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: Cancer Biology & Medicine

Article Title: HBx-mediated GPT2 suppression promotes liver cancer development by downregulating ADH1A

doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0236

Figure Lengend Snippet: Influence of GPT2 on mTOR signaling pathway activation and regulation of ADH1A expression. (A) Effects of inhibition of mTOR with AZD8055 on ADH1A expression in LC cells. (B) Effects of activation of mTOR with MHY1485 on ADH1A expression in LC cells. (C) Effects of GPT2 on mTOR activation and ADH1A expression in LC cells. (D) Effects of AKT activation mediated by the activator SC79 on mTOR sensitization and ADH1A expression in LC cells. (E) Effects of GPT2 on the activation of AKT and mTOR in LC cells. (F) Effects of GPT2 on mTOR activation and ADH1A expression mediated by AKT activation in LC cells. (G) AKT–mTOR interaction, assessed with co-IP assays. (H) Effects of GPT2 on AKT–mTOR interaction, measured with co-IP assays in LC cells. ADH1A, alcohol dehydrogenase 1A; AKT, protein kinase B; co-IP, co-immunoprecipitation; GPT2, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 2; LC, liver cancer; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin.

Article Snippet: The AKT activator SC79, the mTOR pathway activator MHY1485, and its inhibitor AZD8055 were obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing, Inhibition, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Immunoprecipitation